• Skip to primary navigation
  • Skip to main content
  • Skip to footer
Trellis ABA

Trellis ABA

Trellis provides ABA therapy to help children with autism.

  • About Us
    • Locations
  • Services
    • Waiver Services
  • Insurance
  • Parent Resources
  • Careers
  • (443) 330-7900
  • Contact Us

ABA Blog: Autism & ABA Articles

A Special Mother’s Day Interview with Becky Schoenfeldt

May 6, 2021 by trellisservice

Becky Schoenfeldt, a registered behavior technician (RBT) for LEARN’s Behavioral Concepts (BCI) clinic in Worcester, Massachusetts, spends her days helping kids with autism attain goals on their behavioral health treatment plans. At the end of the day, she goes home to do more of the same, only this time with her 18-year-old son, Dougie, who was diagnosed with autism at age three and needs round-the-clock care.

In a recent interview, Becky talked about her journey with autism, the pitfalls and triumphs along the way, and the lessons learned as both a parent and practitioner in the field. In honor of Mother’s Day, she gives advice to other moms—and all parents and caregivers of kids with autism—about the challenges and rewards.

Q: Let’s start from the beginning, Becky. You were working as a case worker for the Housing Authority, helping families from homeless shelters find work and become self-sufficient, when you noticed developmental delays in Dougie. Tell us about that time period.

A: That’s right. At the time, I spent my days—and nights—helping families get back on their feet after setbacks. I also worked for the Department of Youth Services, the juvenile justice agency in Massachusetts that serves kids and teens who were arrested or charged with an offense. The work wasn’t easy and required late shifts. When I became a parent, I knew I couldn’t keep working there because of safety issues related to the challenging behaviors of some of the kids. I had three little children close in age—technically, Irish triplets. Dougie and Stevie, my twins, have a sister Alli who is only 11 months older. I had my hands full.

Stevie and Alli are neurotypical, so I noticed certain things were different with Dougie. Instead of crawling, he would scoot on his butt. He wouldn’t respond to his name or loud noises. We would bang pots and pans and get no response. He also didn’t make eye contact or speak. But he was sweet and adorable. Once he started walking, he would take us quietly by the hand and lead us along. He was a happy boy.

Often, I brought up my concerns to family and friends, and they would say, “Don’t worry—he’ll eat [or walk or talk] when he’s ready.” The pediatrician kept saying, too, that twins do things at their own speed, that I shouldn’t worry. But I knew in my heart something wasn’t right.

Q: What was it like getting the diagnosis?

A: We were prepared and knew it was coming, but it still felt like a kick in the gut to hear those words. I worried about his future, his present—everything. And then I realized: parents of newly diagnosed kids can either wallow in self-pity or start supporting their child so he or she can live the best life possible. That’s what we did—we were proactive and started supporting Dougie.

We lived in Connecticut at the time and enrolled Dougie in preschool, thinking it would be a good opportunity. When I picked him up from school one day, they told me he had eaten rocks—as though that was normal behavior for a child. “What do you mean, he ate rocks?” I asked them. They said it wasn’t so unusual, but I didn’t believe them. I worried about his safety.

We decided to move to Massachusetts, where my mother-in-law worked as a teacher in a local school district. We had high hopes for Doug’s first school in Massachusetts but came to realize our son needed more support than the school could provide, despite their best intentions. Sometime after kindergarten, Dougie spotted a red jeep in the parking lot that looked like his grandmother’s car. Thinking it was, in fact, his grandmother’s car, he bolted out the door, somehow getting past several staff members—six of them, I was told. How could a kid bolt past six staff members? Why couldn’t they protect my son?

For a long time, Dougie has had an issue with bolting. Even today, if he sees something as ordinary as a squirrel across the street or a holiday decoration nearby, he might take off. He doesn’t have the safety skills.

Q: Did you end up keeping Dougie at that particular school? What was your relationship like with the school staff?

A: We realized the regular public school wasn’t right for him. They wouldn’t allow him to use noise cancellation headphones or other coping mechanisms, like a weighted scarf or blanket. Their attitude seemed to be: if you can’t change the environment, you change the kid. But it was more the environment that needed changing, with so many noises and the constant bells ringing and beeping, the harsh lights, smells, and crowds. These things really bother kids on the spectrum.

We tried to get Dougie placed out of the school and put into a more supportive set up, but that would have cost the school district money they didn’t want to pay. Plus, they would have had to admit that they couldn’t manage Dougie, which they didn’t want to do. So, it was an all-round bad situation.

Growing up, Dougie had severe self-injurious behaviors (SIBs) like head-banging or hitting his head. He often did this on the school bus, and the bus monitors weren’t trained to handle it. I had to leave work several times to pick up Dougie from school, especially in 6th grade—that year was horrible. But the school principal was great, and knew we needed something different. We ended up hiring a lawyer to help us get the school district to “outplace” Dougie, meaning they paid for him to attend another school. It worked, and that was the best $350 we ever spent.

Q: That sounds like an incredibly rough year. What happened next? How did you get Dougie the help he needed?

A: Around the time, I had retrained in my career and worked as a behavior technician for BCI. It was stressful because I kept having to call out of work to take care of Dougie. I finally went to Dr. Robinson, the founder, and asked if Dougie could get a spot in a social skills group at BCI. We worked out an arrangement, and Dougie started ABA therapy.

Eventually, with the help of Dr. Robinson and the lawyer, we secured a spot for Dougie at a school for kids with autism, the Center for Applied Behavioral Instruction (CABI), in Worcester, and that has made all the difference. He has one-to-one attention, a highly-structured routine, and only six or so students in the classroom. He’s a happy kid now—a completely different kid now. He’s doing geometry. He works as a cashier in the school store. Best of all, he actually seeks interaction and even physical contact, like a hug, from people he trusts.

He also discovered he likes art. Just like his dad, Dougie is a talented artist. He loves to draw on whiteboards, and loves to draw Sonic characters.

Q: CABI seems like a great place. Have you thought about life after CABI? How long can Dougie stay there?

He can stay at CABI for four more years, until he ages out at 22. It’s gone by so fast. My husband and I both have to work, and we’re not sure what we’re going to do. We’re looking at day programs because Dougie will still need structure. But I want him to do more than bag groceries at Shaw’s. I hope he can find a job and do something related to art, something he’s passionate about, though I wonder how he can hold down a job if there’s a loud noise, like a baby crying. He would need an understanding, supportive work environment.

I worry about Dougie getting older—and me getting older. I don’t want him to end up in a residential program. For many people who work at those facilities, it’s just a babysitting job. But it’s far more than a job. It’s someone’s life you’re molding.

Q: Yes, it’s an opportunity to really influence and mold, as you say, an individual’s character—a person’s whole life, really. What has it been like for you, as a mom and an RBT?

A: Helping kids and families with autism is who I am and what I do. I’ve finally found something I enjoy, and it’s nice working with families. I never dread going to work because when I open that door, I know I’m a positive reinforcer. The other week, one of my kids fell asleep during a session, so we had to reschedule. Then I didn’t see her the next week because of Dougie’s spring break. When I finally got to see her, she gave me an enormous hug. That’s pretty rewarding.

When we had to go full remote with COVID, life was a rollercoaster. Dougie adjusted well because I set up his environment and work area similarly to school, with his visuals and sensory objects in place. We followed his treatment plan and kept making progress.

Q: What advice do you have for other moms or caregivers raising kids with autism?

A: I see a lot of single-parent families, mostly where it’s just the mother. That’s not easy, especially if there are other kids in the family she has to care for. When parents have their own personal problems they’re dealing with, that can make it difficult to support the goals of therapy at home. But that part of therapy is so critical—learning has to continue in the home environment.

The advice I can give other moms and parents is to build your support network. It might take work, but the effort is worth it. Also remember that no challenge is too big, and no victory too small. I like a challenge and decided to rise to the challenge of raising Dougie and two other kids, while helping kids in my job. It’s not easy, but it’s my life, and I wouldn’t trade it for anything.

Q: With your busy schedule, how do you practice the important art of self-care? What will you do for fun this Mother’s Day?

A: For self-care, I make every moment count, even when I’m at the grocery store. Sometimes, I just enjoy the quiet of walking down an aisle alone, getting to think or move at a slower pace for a moment. This summer, I’ll go to the zoo and water park with my family. We’ll get outdoors and do some of the things we couldn’t do last summer because of COVID.

On Mother’s Day, I’ll be with my family, but the weekend before, my daughter, Alli, will be home from college—she goes to Roger Williams University in Rhode Island. On Sunday, I’m taking the two of us to get our nails done. It’s an early Mother’s Day present before she has to go back to school.

Filed Under: Blog

Understanding the Evolution of ABA

May 11, 2021 by trellisservice

by Ronit Molko, Ph.D., BCBA-D
Strategic Advisor, LEARN Behavioral

Applied behavior analysis (ABA) is widely considered by many professionals and families to be the “gold standard” in intervention for children on the autism spectrum. With decades of empirical evidence to support its efficacy at teaching necessary skills and reducing maladaptive behaviors, ABA is broadly funded by private and government insurance plans and typically supported as the premiere teaching tool for autism.ABA is used more extensively than many people realize. In general terms, ABA refers to the science of teaching and learning or, more specifically, the idea that, over time and through repetition, we can increase behavior that is reinforced, while decreasing behavior that is not reinforced. Corporations and marketing companies use the principles of ABA to affect buyer behavior, just as teachers use ABA to manage students in classrooms. Likewise, ABA is used to train and modify behavior in athletes, musicians, employees, and even animals.

Liltle Preschooler Kid Playing With Wood Blocks And Teacher Educ

In the autism field, the services market has evolved and expanded, leading to significant variety among ABA providers. Consequently, the term “ABA” has become associated with a broad spectrum of services, some of which do not meet the standards and definitions of true applied behavior analysis.

Additionally, there is growing criticism from self-advocates and autistic adults who received ABA services and now share stories of experiencing PTSD (post-traumatic stress disorder) and trauma from the ABA they received. Stories like these are sad and heartbreaking to hear—and call upon all of us in our field to listen to and learn from the conversations, instead of plowing onward in an obstinate disregard for lived experiences. As a profession, we need to use these conversations to reconsider how we approach intervention, and ask ourselves: are we changing specific behaviors because we determine them to be appropriate or inappropriate or because making this change actually serves the person with autism?

We also need to understand the evolution of ABA over the past 70 years. To understand the evolution, one needs to understand the history, and how we reached the point where some individuals and groups find fault in ABA. In my opinion, we cannot simply declare that old ABA was harmful and bad, while current ABA is helpful and good. If our treatment harms even a single individual, that is one individual too many.

The origins of ABA
B.F._Skinner
Dr. B.F. Skinner (Msanders nti, CC BY-SA 4.0 via Wikimedia Commons)

Up through the early 1900s, the predominant theories and schools of psychology focused on thoughts and feelings. Dr. John B. Watson, a pioneering psychologist, popularized the theory of behaviorism in 1913. Watson believed that instead of focusing on internal and mental states, the practice of psychology should focus on observable behavior. Dr. B. F. Skinner further developed the theories of behaviorism to describe how we learn—essentially, by describing and researching how our behavior is changed based on antecedents (what precedes a behavior) and consequences (what follows a behavior—i.e., the rewards and punishments we receive).

The principles of teaching using ABA were further defined by multiple researchers in the 1960s, forming the basis of ABA. In the mid-1960s, Dr. Ivar Lovaas developed a program designed to teach language to children with autism, using the principles of applied behavior analysis, with the goal of preventing children from being institutionalized. Lovaas’s program included 40 hours a week of intensive and rigid clinic-based ABA, with the findings of his research demonstrating the efficacy of intensive ABA on teaching language and other skills to children with autism. As a result of this research, early intervention programs were launched, and ABA became more popularized as the best form of intervention.

Nevertheless, at this time, the application of ABA was rigid and unnatural. Children were required to sit through multiple, repetitive drills to learn skills and sequences, and the number of hours of intervention were exhausting. The popularization of his methodology created a mindset among some parents and providers that intervention must be highly structured, rigid, adult-driven, and sometimes, aversive, meaning treatment could involve unpleasant techniques to alter maladaptive behavior.

Mother And Young Son Playing With Wooden Toy At Home
Evolving practices

Since the early 1970s, however, the world of ABA and the application of the principles of ABA have evolved enormously. Just like in other areas of healthcare, the field has progressed as more research has been conducted and newer strategies developed. ABA has evolved into a much more naturalistic, engaging, play-based, and child-directed form of intervention. In natural environment teaching (NET), for instance, treatment takes place within the ordinary routines of daily living, occurring during mealtimes, playtime, bath time, community outings (like a trip to the grocery store), and other natural parts of a child’s day. This sort of real-life teaching differs extensively from the overly formal, clinical settings of the past.

Today’s ABA programs should be tailored and customized to the needs, values, and culture of each child and family. ABA services need to involve choice-making and person-centered planning, in which each client and family steer and help make decisions about their target goals and treatment, and what fits within their family’s culture. Ultimately, every client and family need to decide what goals to target in therapy, with guidance from the behavior analyst. As in other areas of healthcare, research and best practice standards guide the strategies, techniques, and intensity of intervention. It is the combination of professional expertise and family input that aligns to create the most effective program for each child.

Consider, for instance, a conversation I had recently with the mother of a non-verbal child with autism who communicates regularly with noises one might describe as grunts. A behavior analyst wanted to use ABA to reduce that particular behavior, but the child’s mother did not agree. “Those noises are my child’s language,” she explained. The mother explained further that with each goal presented by her ABA team, she asked these questions:

  • Does the goal respect my son’s privacy?
  • Does it foster his independence?
  • Does it cultivate his voice and self-expression?

The mother, in this scenario, knew what she wanted for her son—and advocated effectively for him.

Other parents I’ve talked to celebrate the skills and capabilities their children gained through ABA services, attributing their children’s gains to the dedication of their ABA providers. Many of these parents stress the importance of making sure the goals and strategies they were advised to use fit with the culture and parenting philosophy of their family. Not every parent or caregiver will advocate in this way or have the time and capacity to manage their children’s program. It’s up to us, as a profession, to honor and respect each client and family’s wishes and values, and to discuss issues related to things like dignity, individuality, and self-expression. It’s up to us to honor self-hood.

As the population of individuals with autism is aging, we now have a group of adults who received ABA services and wants to articulate and share their ABA experiences. I urge my colleagues to stop and listen—and use what we learn to inform the future of services. For example, some adults have articulated that making eye contact is physically unbearable, and, yet, this is one of the core skills ABA practitioners teach as a foundational part of learning.

Given what we’ve learned, it’s time to examine the degree to which each of the skills we teach benefits and serves individuals with autism, despite the fact that we may consider them appropriate social and communicative behaviors. In other words, we need to weigh our own self-interest as a society against what we’re learning from the individuals to whom we’ve devoted our careers.

Stay tuned for Dr. Molko’s upcoming story, where she offers advice on what to look for in a quality provider.

Filed Under: Blog

Girls and Autism: Diagnosis, Treatment, and New Research with Dr. Ronit Molko

May 12, 2021 by trellisservice

Filed Under: Podcast

Christian Tsetsos Shares Stories from His Life on the Spectrum

May 14, 2021 by trellisservice

Christian Tsetsos works as an insurance authorization coordinator for the head office of LEARN’s Behavioral Concepts (BCI) in Worcester, Massachusetts, while serving, on the side, as a neurodiversity advocate and Asperger’s/autism speaker. He joined us recently to share stories from his professional and personal life with autism, delving into everything from his life growing up and struggling to make friends to his experience using dating apps and revealing autism to suitors. Here, we offer a recap of the conversation.

Q: You’ve worked for BCI now for 14 years. Tell us about your job there? What aspects of your work do you enjoy?

A: I started working part-time for BCI my last year of high school and continued as an administrative assistant at the main office, while attending college at Worcester State University. I majored in urban studies and realized I liked the human and social services side of the field. Urban studies is an interdisciplinary major that weaves in government, city systems, sociology, and even art, engineering, and psychology. So, my job at BCI involves interacting with and helping people get the services they need.

I liked my work at BCI and the safe space it gave me to develop my social and professional skills, so I stayed on to take a full-time position in 2014, after graduating from college. This was around the time that insurance policies started covering more ABA services. The company was expanding and transitioning from only providing services through school contracts to offering services in client’s homes and in clinics. To this day, I work in BCI’s first clinic.

Over the years, I’ve worked in a number of jobs at BCI—answering phone calls as a receptionist at the front desk, screening candidates for behavior techs as a human resources assistant, supporting recruiting and talking to prospective applicants at career fairs, and coordinating the intake and insurance authorization processes. I like what I do now, in the insurance side of the business, because I’m detail-oriented. Authorizations involve a ton of rules and policies and limits. Remembering and tracking endless details isn’t for everyone, but it’s something I’m good at and enjoy.

What I like most about my role, though, is the human interaction—for instance, I like helping behavior analysts when they don’t remember a particular insurance code. I like feeling needed and being part of a collaborative team.

Q: You also go to colleges and other places to talk about autism and ABA. Tell us about that experience—and how you developed the skills and confidence to put yourself out there and speak in front of crowds.

A: The man who founded BCI, Dr. Jeff Robinson, had been my mentor for many years. In fact, he’s the one who hired me at age 17 and opened the door to my career path. He worked in schools and wanted someone to speak at community colleges about the differences between high school and college—and the kinds of support available for kids with autism and other special needs. I ended up taking part in that event, which led to the Asperger/Autism Network inviting me to do a 45-minute stand-up talk in front of 50 or so K-12 educators. This was a big deal for me, and I felt both open to it and anxious.

I remember, as I stood in front of that crowd, hearing myself talking without really seeing the audience. I focused on delivering the information and probably looked frozen and stiff. Over time, I became more comfortable and got invited back to talk about my own experiences in the K-12 education system as an individual on the spectrum. I talked about various challenges, interventions that made a difference—that sort of thing. Recently, I gave a talk to a group of grandparents about what they might do to support their grandkids on the spectrum.

Q: Public speaking can be a scary experience, but you overcame your fear. What are some of the things you share, in your talks, about growing up on the spectrum?

A: I talk a lot about the social aspects of school, and how, in elementary school, my teachers knew me and understood how to support me. They even helped me make friends. But my middle school was much larger, and I didn’t know my teachers or classmates as well. I felt disconnected. My differences became more obvious to my peers, and I eventually fell into a deep depression, partly because I didn’t have friends and started struggling academically—everything was overwhelming.

Some teachers treated me like the problems were my fault. They didn’t understand that someone with autism could be smart but still have certain challenges. I have a normal IQ, which meant I didn’t qualify for many services. At the time, people tended to look at the issue in black and white terms, without understanding that someone could have a normal IQ but still have anxiety and problems with executive functioning. It was really a lack of understanding and awareness about autism. My mom advocated for me but often ran into the school saying things like, “Well, according to the law, we don’t have to accommodate that.”

As my depression worsened, my mom kicked into full advocacy mode and started figuring out how to navigate the system. She created a system of supports that helped me get through school. She also hired Dr. Robinson as a consultant to help teachers realize I wasn’t making stuff up—that autism is a real condition that creates real challenges.

One of the big things Dr. Robinson did for me was to help my teachers become more compassionate. Of course, there are always people who can see that there is a need and intervene on their own. These people are naturally compassionate. But others need help getting there.

It’s sad, looking back, that I didn’t have a single friend when I graduated from high school. It’s also disturbing that the school was OK with that.

Q: Yes, that’s really sad and disturbing, and remarkable that you found your way to a far healthier, happier place. In your own words, why do you think you struggled to make friends, and how did you eventually start making friends?

A: I didn’t learn social skills in a class. I taught myself, but not until around age 20, when I enrolled in community college. I was lightyears behind my peers but started, around that time, to open my mind to the possibility of having friends. It dawned on me, however, that I had no idea how to go about it. This was a hard realization to make because, in general, society can be judgmental if people aren’t acting a certain way, especially a grown man who looks typical.

I started trying, on my own, to work on learning social skills by putting myself in different situations. I joined various college groups and had small conversations with people to see if the conversations went anywhere. But it took trial and error. For instance, I realized I was insulting people when I said things like, “If you want to do anything with your psych major, you’ll need to go to grad school.” I learned to take a step back and think through how that might come across as offensive.

Q: With your friends today—and even on the dating scene—do you come right out and tell people you have autism?

A: I don’t think a lot of people understand autism if they’re not affected by it. Sometimes, I’m hesitant to come out with it, though I know that telling might open the door to more understanding and compassion. At the same time, I know there’s a lot of misunderstanding about being on the spectrum. People tend to think of it as an intellectual disability, which automatically means I have a lower IQ, I can’t live on my own, I don’t have a job, and I don’t have a partner. That’s just not true.

I have most of those things, in fact. I’m single at the moment but have been on a long quest to find a partner. I went on a lot of dates last summer—really put myself out there. I’m gay and stay active, on and off, on some dating sites. I tend not to mention autism on the first date but do mention it later, and gauge the reaction. As a side note, I encounter plenty of people who are likely on the spectrum but don’t realize they’re on the spectrum—not necessarily on dates but just in general. It’s interesting.

Q: That is interesting. You’ve developed a heightened self-awareness that plenty of people lack. Aside from that, what are some advantages of being on the spectrum that most people don’t realize?

A: One positive is being able to remember certain facts and figures, like I can do in my job now, with the details of insurance rules and policies. As a kid, I would memorize what states border other states, and what towns border other towns. That’s a unique skill.

Q: What do you wish more people understood about autism?

A: People tend to think of autism as something far removed from their lives or something they only encounter on TV. In reality, autism is part of our society. I wish people could understand that there are many people out there in the world on the spectrum, in our everyday lives at work, college, everywhere. It helps to be aware of that and open-minded and accepting of those who come across as different.

I also think some people don’t want to be friends with someone with autism, and I wish that wasn’t the case. At one point in college, I was struggling academically and socially—it was obvious to the rest of the class, so I came out with my diagnosis. Instead of lending a hand, they didn’t know what to do and ended up avoiding me. I’ve had positive experiences, but it was disappointing that my classmates and my professor treated me like a nuisance. Having a teacher or classmate say, “We’re going to help you succeed,” could have done so much.

So, I would say that I wish people felt more comfortable talking about autism, instead of shying away or feeling afraid. What I really wanted, in that instance, is for people to open up and lend a hand.

Q: It really comes down to what you mentioned earlier about natural compassion, versus trained compassion. Is that fair to say?

A: Yes, it’s really about educating people in compassion. That’s what I try to do with my talks. Whether people have it naturally or need to be taught, compassion can go a long way.

Filed Under: Blog Tagged With: Autism Speaker, BCI, Behavioral Concepts, Life on the Spectrum, Neurodiversity Advocate, Public Speaking

Supporting Autistic Individuals from High School to Adulthood with Dan McManmon

May 26, 2021 by trellisservice Leave a Comment

Filed Under: Podcast Tagged With: Autism in Young Adults, Autism Services, Autism Support, Autism Support for Young Adults, Autism Transition Program, CIP, College Autism, College Internship Program, Dan McManmon, High School Autism

Autism Help at Home: Progressive Muscle Relaxation

May 26, 2021 by trellisservice

Filed Under: Video

Transitioning to Summer: 5 Tips to Make It a Success

May 28, 2021 by trellisservice

by Elizabeth Jeffrey-Arceneaux, M.S., BCBA
Autism Spectrum Therapies (AST), Louisiana

With summer fast approaching, the increased time for preferred activities may be a point for joy and satisfaction, but this can also challenge parents as they attempt to transition kids from necessary tasks and activities. Most children, particularly those with autism, benefit from structure and routine in their schedule.

One of the reasons summer can create a challenge is that routines shift dramatically—or disappear altogether. This is further exasperated by the changing protocols of the pandemic, where we wear masks and stand six feet apart one day, only to loosen the mask mandate and stand three feet apart the next.

There are things you can do, however, to ease this transition and keep your child engaged this summer. Consider these five tips:

Only Take On What You Can Manage

For starters, understand what will allow your child to thrive and what you, as a parent or caregiver, can manage. Professionally, I’ve spoken to many parents who feel tired and frustrated—mostly due to their tendency to take on more than they have the time and energy to manage.

While it’s important to provide opportunities for your child, be careful of overdoing it and creating stress for yourself—and the whole family. Strategize and play to your child’s strengths.

Prioritize Activities

To avoid taking on more than your family can handle, you first need to realize that you can’t do everything—and need to prioritize. Decide the three most important things to you, as a parent or caregiver who knows your child and family well, and plan around those goals. For example, your goals might be to increase education, family fun, and time outside.

With your top three priorities identified, seek out resources to meet those goals. For example, many states offer an extended school year (ESY) option for children with disabilities. This program varies across the United States but provides a way to maintain educational activities at no cost to parents and caregivers in the same school system your child normally attends. Another option might be increased therapy time.

Often, you can find fun things to do with your family by attending events in your city. Many cities, in fact, host particular days in which children with autism or sensory sensitivity are given priority. In Louisiana, where I live, zoos, libraries, and other places host sensory days. These can be a great introduction to new activities. It might take research and planning, but doing so can help your child and family cultivate a wider array of interests.

Spend Time Outdoors

As my colleague, Genevieve Marshall, recently discussed on our blog, time in nature is good for all of us, particularly kids with autism. In fact, many children with autism enjoy water play, which you can set up outdoors, even without access to a pool. Simply fill up bowls or an inflatable pool, and give your child a mix of cups and utensils to interact with water in various ways.

Kids Playing On Beach. Children Play At Sea.

I keep a running list of outdoor sensory activities for my own children that includes:

  • tinting water with food coloring
  • mixing water with sand
  • making mud pies
  • drawing with sidewalk chalk
  • collecting and painting rocks (or simply setting up an easel and paints outdoors)
  • blowing bubbles (and making homemade bubbles)
  • picking flowers or weeds

The list goes on. These activities engage children on a sensory level, while allowing kids to spend essential time outside.

Plan—But Plan Flexibly

Although it’s critical to plan as much as possible for summer, it’s also important to accept and expect that you will need to be flexible. Often, programs like ESY and accessible summer camps don’t last the entire day. You can fill in unstructured time by having a loose schedule in place anchored by sleep, snack, and highly preferred break activities. Consider, too, using a visual aid and timer as you transition between activities, and do your best to stay consistent (and flexible!) across days.

Acknowledge Differences

If you have more than one child, realize and expect that your children are different, and prepare accordingly. For example, I have two toddlers. My youngest, at age two, typically is a wild and reckless toddler who loves new things, fireworks, and getting dirty. At the beach, he holds his father’s hand and loves hearing the ocean and feeling it cover his feet. He doesn’t mind varied environments with different sounds and senses.

My oldest, now three, hates fireworks and covers her ears. All loud noises cause her distress, particularly when unexpected. She loves playing in the sand at the beach but cries that the ocean is too loud. She also hates and refuses to walk across reflective floors. Instead of forcing her to fall in line and like the same things her brother likes, I give her earphones and encourage her to enjoy things from afar. I accept and honor their differences.

As you gear up for what we anticipate will be a more relaxed, open summer than last year, due to the pandemic, keep in mind that planning, prioritizing, and concentrating on what matters most to you and your family are key. Remember, too, that your time and energy are limited. Resist the urge to overschedule your family, and know that downtime is good for us all.

For more tips on helping your child with transitions, read “Easing Your Child Back Into Life Post-Pandemic.”

Filed Under: Blog Tagged With: autism routines, autism tips, autism transitions, parent tips autism, summer routines

Sensory Processing Issues and Summer: Sand, Sweat, Fireworks … Oh, My!

June 23, 2021 by trellisservice

by Katherine Johnson, M.S., BCBA
Senior Director of Partnerships, LEARN Behavioral

Families everywhere are chucking backpacks and school shoes to the back of the closet and getting ready for some fun in the sun. While other members of the family enjoy themselves during the quintessential summer activities, sensory-sensitive kids may feel overwhelmed and uncomfortable. How can you anticipate problems and find solutions ahead of time, so your entire family can make the most of the summer?

Smiling Black Lady Using Laptop And Map At Home, Planning Future

Planning and Preparation

Last-minute plans, like any schedule changes, can be disruptive to children with sensory processing disorders and issues, so planning is key. As you map out your summer, think about the types of activities everyone will enjoy and how you can make those with potential sensory triggers comfortable for your child.

Start by looking for sensory friendly events on your local events calendar. Many communities host special events or days for sensory-sensitive kids, such as performances at theaters without spotlights, blaring music, and crowds, or trips to shopping malls without the usual mob of consumers.

Other ways to plan and prepare in advance include:

  • Calling facilities ahead of time to find out what days and times are less crowded
  • Doing a sensory analysis of stimuli your child might encounter on an outing to pinpoint potential triggers (noise, crowds, smells)
  • Helping your child “practice” the sensory experience in advance (e.g., applying sunscreen to a small part of the body and increasing the amount daily until your child gets used to head-to-toe coverage)
  • Arranging an “out” for your sensory-sensitive child (e.g., creating a Plan B for your overstimulated child, in case Plan A doesn’t work)
Preteen Boy Chooses Clothes In The Wardrobe Closet At Home. Kid

Clothing

Clothing and sensory issues go far beyond tag removal. Summer clothing can make or break an outing.  The wrong clothes can be a source of irritation, but the right ones can offer protection from other sensations your child may not like.

If your child takes time to get used to wearing shorts and short-sleeved shirts, buy some long sleeves and pants in light, natural, breathable fabrics to ease the transition. Likewise, keep in mind these tips about swimsuits, which can cause all kinds of sensory-related problems:

  • Tight straps, elastic waists, tags, and ruffles can make swimsuits itchy and uncomfortable. Have your child try a variety of styles to discover the best fit.
  • Consider shorts-style suits for girls, which can avoid sand inside the suit from sitting.
  • Getting used to a wet suit can take time. Help your child grow accustomed to it by taking baths or showers in the suit ahead of your day at the pool, lake, or beach.

And don’t forget about shoes. The right shoes can help your child avoid the sensory discomfort of walking on sand, grass, and rocks. In addition, flip-flops can irritate some kids’ toes. For an alternative, look into plastic clogs, slides, or different types of water shoes.

Mother Applying Sunscreen Protection Creme On Cute Little Toddle

Sun

When spending time in the sun, make sure your child drinks enough water and takes some shade breaks, while watching out for signs of overheating. Also realize that sunglasses are a must for light-sensitive kids. In fact, if your budget permits, buy multiple cheap pairs at the beginning of the summer, so your child never goes without.

When it comes to sunscreen, know that it is essential but, just like bug spray, can be greasy, sticky, creamy. What can help?

  • Try out different types of sunscreen and bug spray to find what’s most acceptable to your child, including sprays, wipes, and unscented versions.
  • Consider using a color-fading sunscreen, too, which fades in color as the lotion is absorbed—and disappears when your child is protected from and ready for the sun.
  • If your child finds pressure relaxing, use the application of sunscreen as an opportunity for a massage.
  • When bug spray is necessary, find a combination bug-spray/sunscreen so only one application is necessary. Alternatively, you can apply bug spray to their clothing before they put it on.
Kids Playing On Beach. Children Play At Sea.

Water Fun – Beaches and Pools

Most children love to get in the water. Some of the sensory experiences that go along with it, like sand and chlorine, are less welcome. Protect your child’s beach towel from sand by placing it in the center of a fitted bedsheet with weights on each corner. Also apply sunscreen before getting to the beach to avoid sticky sand that won’t come off. To remove sand from skin quickly, rub a little baby powder on the area.

Chlorine in pools can be another problem for kids with sensory sensitivities. Nose plugs and goggles that cover the nose can help with the smell. If your child has chlorine-sensitive skin, consider a salt-water pool—or, if possible, stick to lake and ocean excursions. And, of course, remember to take extra precautions to help your child stay safe around water and while swimming.

Little Cute Adorable Happy Caucasian Toddler Boy Sitting In Chil

Parties, Parades, and Car Trips

If parties, parades, and car trips are on your agenda this summer, you’ll want to plan ahead as much as possible to deal with the stimulation. Noise-cancelling headphones can be a life-saver not only in the car but also at parades, fireworks displays, and in many other situations. If your child gets carsick, avoid the rear seats of busses and backward-facing seats, and keep ginger candy on hand (real ginger, not ginger-flavored) to ease nausea.

With summer, of course, comes pesky bugs like mosquitoes and gnats. Carry along an anti-itch stick or cream, in addition to band-aids to cover bites. No one likes to feel itchy, and for sensory-sensitive kids, itchiness and the urge to scratch can feel even worse.

Having an overresponsive sensory system does not mean that summer activities must be missed. With a thoughtful plan that includes carefully-selected activities and the right supports, your entire family can get some rest and relaxation—and enjoy a delightful summer and school break.

For more tips on making the most of summer, read “Transitioning to Summer: 5 Tips to Make It a Success.” And if you’re looking for an autism provider with the ability to tailor treatment to the unique needs of your child, reach out to us at 1.877.576.4824, or fill out and submit our form.   

Filed Under: Blog Tagged With: autism parenting tips

How to Help Your Child Through a Meltdown

November 10, 2021 by trellisservice Leave a Comment

by Bradley Ross, M.A., BCBA, LBA
Assistant Clinical Director, LEARN/AST, Louisiana

There is no “one-plan-fits-all” approach for handling meltdowns. When children with autism hit sensory overload, their reactions can be intense, and knowing how to respond thoughtfully in the heat of the moment can be challenging.  

Unfortunately, there is no magic wand to make meltdowns go away. But there are tactics and strategies to help tame a meltdown when your child feels overwhelmed. The key is to stay calm and work your way through it.

Assessing the Situation, Identifying the Triggers

One thing that can help is to understand the reason for the meltdown, while recognizing that reasons can vary greatly from child to child. For instance, your child may not want to do certain tasks. They may be nervous about school. They may get embarrassed about underperforming, when compared to peers. Or they may struggle with separation from mom or dad.

Some kids have meltdowns because of environmental factors like room temperature, new students, or how the desks are set up in the classroom. Even small changes in the environment can lead to lead to intense feelings—rearranging furniture, for instance. Take note of the time and place of the meltdown and factors that might be overwhelming. Once you identify the trigger, you can see if there is a way to avoid it.

If your child can have conversations, try to discuss and get to the root of the problem. This can also help you identify patterns of behaviors to address. If your child is unable to have a conversation or communicate verbally, pay attention to other communication cues to try to better understand the problem.

Knowing the cause of the behavior isn’t mandatory, but it is helpful in knowing how to address it. In some cases, you can eliminate the trigger. Other times, you just have to wait it out and  give your child space to rest and recover.

Home-Based Strategies

One way to make your expectations clear is to create a token/reward system at home. For example, you can create a chart on which you and your child come up with and list desired behaviors. Use pictures instead of words if it helps your child understand your expectations. Talk out loud about your goals and the rewards your child can expect for meeting those goals. Remember: the rewards don’t always have to be tangible items like a pack of gummies or a cup of hot chocolate. Rewards can also be experiential, such as playing a special game before bed, reading a favorite book, or baking a tasty treat together.

As you work with your child to create your list or chart of behavior goals, consider these possibilities:

  • Turn-taking: Here, you can explain that you and your child are going to sit down and play with toys. After a minute, ask your child for a turn with their toy. If your child gives you a turn, they can earn a token/reward.  

  • Sportsmanship: Play a game with your child. Ask them if they want you to let them win the first game. During the second game, let them know you’re going to try to win. Tell them that if you win, and they tell you “good game,” while keeping a happy face, they will earn a token/reward.

  • Doing work: Let your child know that in two minutes, you’re going to ask them to pick up their crayons. If they pick them up quickly, they can earn a token/reward.

Start with easy goals. Over time, you can provide less warning and make these more natural,  everyday interactions.

Understanding What Happens at School

Targeting meltdowns at school can be more difficult since you aren’t there. If your school has a reporting system to give you a sense of your child’s behavior each day, that can help you measure progress.

For example, some schools use a color scale: green equals good behavior; yellow is slightly disruptive; and red is a meltdown. If your school does not have a behavior reporting system and you think your child could use one, talk to your child’s teacher.

You could include behavior reports from the school in your token/reward system at home—or even set up a separate system based on these reports. For example, a green mark at school could equal an hour of TV time or three tokens, while a yellow mark could equal 30 minutes of TV or two tokens, and a red mark could equal 15 minutes of TV or one token.

You’re probably wondering, “Why reward a red score?” The reason is to reward your child for the positive behavior—bringing home the report—and to avoid taking away everything. For instance, if they think they will lose every privilege, this can increase the chance of a meltdown at school. Remember that you’re creating a reward system, not a punishment system. Focus on reinforcing positive behaviors, without being too harsh when there is a meltdown.

Also realize that reports you receive from school—or from your child or from your own observations, for that matter—are not a complete representation of the situation. Typically, a number of factors contribute to the situation, and behaviors that happen at school (or anywhere else, such as at the doctor or on the playground) can change according to the environment. Be careful not to make assumptions about solutions that may not work in every environment.

Stick to Your Rules, Celebrate Small Victories

Once you set the rules, stick to them. Avoid bartering. This system holds your child accountable and can begin with goals that are easy to reach. Accept that kids will make mistakes and that all kids engage in meltdowns from time to time. Remember to stay calm and keep your cool—these are key to addressing your child’s behavior successfully.


Start with small goals and set realistic expectations—the first one being: your child’s meltdowns will not stop at once. This is a process that will happen slowly over time. Track your progress, and celebrate the little victories when your child reaches behavior goals.

Looking for more strategies on raising kids with autism? Learn how a “calm down kit” can help your child through the hectic holiday season.

Filed Under: Blog Tagged With: Autism meltdown strategies, Autism meltdowns, Calm down kit, Stay calm and carry on, Taming meltdowns

Nobody’s Normal: How Culture Created the Stigma of Mental Illness

October 27, 2021 by trellisservice Leave a Comment

Roy Richard Grinker is a Professor of Anthropology and International Affairs at George Washington University and author. He joins us to share insights from his latest book, Nobody’s Normal: How Culture Created the Stigma of Mental Illness. In this discussion, we explore how various stigmas around diagnosis are formed – and can be dismantled. As Richard shares, ”Look at the history of autism, when mothers were blamed and autism was only looked at in negative terms… We don’t end up in a very good situation. I’m trying to point this stuff out so people can realize we do have the power to change.”

For More Information:

Twitter: https://twitter.com/roygrinker

https://anthropology.columbian.gwu.edu/roy-richard-grinker

https://royrichardgrinker.com/

Interested in ABA services for your child? Contact Us: https://lrnbvr.com/contact

Interested in a career in the ABA field? Apply Now: https://lrnbvr.com/apply-now

All Autism Talk (allautismtalk.com) is sponsored by LEARN Behavioral (learnbehavioral.com).

Filed Under: Podcast Tagged With: Author, Autism Diagnosis, Autism Podcast, Autism Stigma, Dismantling Autism Stigmas, George Washington University, International Affairs, Nobody’s Normal: How Culture Created the Stigma of Mental Illness, Professor of Anthropology, Roy Richard Grinker

  • « Go to Previous Page
  • Page 1
  • Interim pages omitted …
  • Page 10
  • Page 11
  • Page 12
  • Page 13
  • Page 14
  • Interim pages omitted …
  • Page 22
  • Go to Next Page »

Footer

Trellis is part of LEARN Behavioral.

COVID-19 Safety
COVID-19 Actualizar
Our Locations
About Us
Services
Careers

Waiver Parent Login
Employee Login
Parent Resources
Autism 101
ABA 101
Insurance Change
Records Request
Make a Payment

 

Copyright © 2025 · Privacy Practices · Notice of Nondiscrimation